Project practice: DIY optical drive laser engraving machine - laser cutting machine

After a period of study of 51 single chip computer, I made a laser engraving machine and laser cutting machine by referring to the information of the previous generation and using the waste optical drive. Here is my production process. I want to share with you the successful new one. Thank you again for the information of the previous generation

1.First disassemble the old optical drive

2.Take out the stepper motor bracket

3.Fold the optical drive shell into this shape

4.Fix the screw rod and the stepping motor in this way, and the small iron bar is the position of the laser

5.This iron bar is to make it vertical

6.Start welding DuPont line

7.Basic forming

8.accomplish

Component list

Desktop optical drive x2

L298n motor drive module x2

51 Minimum system x1

Usb-ttl module x1

Uln2003 module x1

250mw laser module x1

Several conductors

Refer to C procedure

/*Z Address definition

50 1=x+，2=x-，3=y+,4=y-

51 High number of forward and backward steps

52 Low number of forward and backward steps

fifty-three

54/55 word width

fifty-six

57 Low light switch

58/59 Laser intensity

60 x axis speed

61 y-axis speed

62 Start printing 0,57

63 Suspension

64 Stop flag

sixty-five

66 Left and right marks

100 Grayscale data at the beginning

*/

#include <reg52.h>

#define uint unsigned int

#define uchar unsigned char

#Define N z [60]//X speed

#Define M z [61]//Y speed

sbit a=P1^3;// Stepper motor wiring definition moving laser head

sbit a_= P1^2;

sbit b=P1^1;

sbit b_= P1^0;

sbit xa=P1^4;

sbit xa_= P1^5;

sbit xb=P1^6;

sbit xb_= P1^7;

/*sbit a=P1^4;// Stepper motor wiring definition moving base plate

sbit a_= P1^5;

sbit b=P1^6;

sbit b_= P1^7;

sbit xa=P1^3;

sbit xa_= P1^2;

sbit xb=P1^1;

sbit xb_= P1^0; */

sbit jg=P2^0;

sbit led=P2^1;// indicator light

uchar xdata z[500]={0};// cache

uchar buff[3];// Serial port cache

uchar x1,x0,y1,y0,cont2=0;

uchar xfb=4,yfb=4;// Walk sign

unsigned char HighRH = 0; // High byte of high level overload value

unsigned char HighRL = 0; // Low byte of high level overload value

unsigned char LowRH = 0; // High byte of low-level overload value

unsigned char LowRL = 0; // Low byte of low level overload value

void delayms(uint xms)

{

uint i,j;

For (i=xms; i>0; i –)//i=xms, that is, the delay is about xms milliseconds

for(j=110;j>0;j–);

}

/*Configure and start PWM, fr-frequency, dc-duty ratio*/

void ConfigPWM(unsigned int fr, unsigned char dc)

{

unsigned int high, low;

unsigned long tmp;

tmp = (11059200/12) / fr; // Calculate the count value required for a cycle

high = (tmpdc) / 100; // Calculate the count value required for high level

low = tmp - high; // Calculate the count value required for low level

high = 65536 - high + 12; // Calculate the high level overload value and compensate the interrupt delay

low = 65536 - low + 12; // Calculate the overload value of low level and compensate the interruption delay

HighRH = (unsigned char)(high>>8); // High level overload value is divided into high and low bytes

HighRL = (unsigned char)high;

LowRH = (unsigned char)(low>>8); // Low level overload value is divided into high and low bytes

LowRL = (unsigned char)low;

TMOD &= 0xF0; // Clear the control bit of T0

TMOD |= 0x01; // Configure T0 as mode 1

TH0 = HighRH; // Load T0 overload value

TL0 = HighRL;

ET0 = 1; // Enable T0 interrupt

TR0 = 1; // Start T0

jg = 1; // Output low level, turn off the laser

}

/Turn off PWM/

void ClosePWM()

{

TR0 = 0; // Stop timer 0

ET0 = 0; // Disable timer 0 interrupt

jg = 1; // Output low level, turn off the laser

}

/T0 interrupts the service function and generates PWM output*/

void InterruptTimer0() interrupt 1

{

If (jg==1)//The current output is low level, load the high level value and output the high level

{

TH0 = LowRH;

TL0 = LowRL;

jg = 0;

}

Else//The current output is high level, load the low level value and output the low level

{

TH0 = HighRH;

TL0 = HighRL;

jg = 1;

}

}

Void xfor (uint i)//x-axis advance function, how many steps forward

{

while(1)

{

if(xfb4)

{

xa=xb=1;

xb_= xa_= 0

xfb=1;

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa=xb=0; break;}

}

if(xfb1)

{

xb=xa_= 1;

xa=xb_= 0

xfb=2;

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa_=xb=0; break;}

}

if(xfb2)

{

xa_= xb_= 1;

xb=xa=0;

xfb=3; // Walk sign

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa_=xb_=0; break;}

}

if(xfb3)

{

xa_= xb=0;

xb_= xa=1;

xfb=4;

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa=xb_=0; break;}

}

}

one

}

Void xbac (uint i)//xxx fallback function

{

while(1)

{

if(xfb1)

{

xa_= xb=0;

xb_= xa=1;

xfb=4;

i–; // Walk sign

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa=xb_=0; break;}

}

if(xfb4)

{

xa_= xb_= 1;

xb=xa=0;

xfb=3;

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa_=xb_=0; break;}

}

if(xfb3)

{

xb=xa_= 1;

xa=xb_= 0

xfb=2; // Walk sign

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa_=xb=0; break;}

}

if(xfb2)

{

xa=xb=1;

xb_= xa_= 0

xfb=1;

i–;

delayms(N);

if(i0){xa=xb=0; break;}

}

}

}

Void yfor (uint i)//y-axis advance function

{

while(1)

{

switch(yfb)

{

case 4:{a=b=1; b_=a_=0; yfb=1; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a=b=0;break;}}

case 1:{b=a_=1; a=b_=0; yfb=2; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a_=b=0;break;}}

case 2:{a_=b_=1; b=a=0; yfb=3; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a_=b_=0;break;}}

case 3:{b_=a=1; a_=b=0; yfb=4; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a=b_=0;break;}}

}

if(i==0) break;

}

}

Void ybac (uint i)//yy fallback function

{

while(1)

{

switch(yfb)

{

case 1:{a=b_=1; b=a_=0; yfb=4; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a=b_=0;break;}}

case 4:{b_=a_=1; a=b=0; yfb=3; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a_=b_=0;break;}}

case 3:{a_=b=1; b_=a=0; yfb=2; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a_=b=0;break;}}

case 2:{b=a=1; a_=b_=0; yfb=1; i–; delayms(M); if(i0){a=b=0;break;}}

}

if(i==0) break;

}

}

Void dazi (uint zik)//Print function Print function changed

{

uint x;

jg=0;

For (x=0; x<zik; x++)//Execute zik cycles, and move the x-axis right zik steps

{

while(z[63]); // Pause waiting

if(z[64]==1) break;// Stop flag jumps out of the loop

SBUF=255; // Each time a point is printed, 255 is sent to the upper computer, and the upper computer progress display is used

jg=0; // Laser on

delayms((z[99+x]*(z[58]*256+z[59]))/100);

jg=1; // Turn off the laser

if(z[66]1)

{

xbac(1);

}

else

{

xfor(1);

}

}

if(z[641]) z[64]=0;

Else {yfor (1);}//The y-axis enters a line

z[62]=0; // One-line printing completed

SBUF=1; // Send a message to indicate that one line is printed

}

/*Serial port configuration function, baud communication baud rate*/

void ConfigUART(unsigned int baud)

{

SCON = 0x50; // Configure the serial port as mode 1

TMOD &= 0x0F; // Clear the control bit of T1

TMOD |= 0x20; // Configure T1 as mode 2

TH1 = 256 - (11059200/12/32)/baud; // Calculate T1 overload value

TL1 = TH1; // Initial value is equal to overload value

ET1 = 0; // T1 interrupt prohibited

ES = 1; // Enable serial port interrupt

TR1 = 1; // Start T1

}

void chuanlo() interrupt 4

{

if(RI)

{

buff[cont2]=SBUF;// 3 bytes each time, address high, address low, data,,

cont2++;

If (cont2==3)//Write the data into the address every 3 bytes received

{

z[(buff[0]256)+buff[1]]=buff[2];

cont2=0;

SBUF=0; // Add this line of code here to test it*************

}

RI=0;

}

if(TI)

{

TI=0;

}

}

Due to space limitation, only part of the code can be written

Finally, if you have any comments or suggestions, please leave me a message. Let's learn and make progress together,