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Of the three primary stepper motor designs — permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid — hybrid stepper motors are arguably the most popular in industrial applications, combining the best performance characteristics of permanent magnet and variable reluctance types.Hybrid stepper motors are constructed with a rotor made of two sections, or cups, with a permanent magnet between ...
The Chinese Academy of Sciences reduced the volume of the deep ultraviolet laser by 90% and achieved 193 nm vortex beam output for the first time. Professor Xuan Hongwen described "loading truck equipment into the car trunk". This technology enables a 30% reduction in the size of lithography features, breaking through the bottleneck of the 2-nanometer process. In the next three years, laser power ...
In the era of smart factories, Mercedes Benz monitors all fast lasers in its global production network based on cloud, significantly improving system resilience and reducing the risk of machine downtime. The connection between the Mercedes Benz digital ecosystem MO360 and the Trumpf laser for digital prediction services has helped achieve very good dynamic maintenance, and achieved demand based ...
Recently, a team led by Gao Chunqing and Fu Shiyao from the School of Optoelectronics at Beijing University of Technology combined optical spatial coordinate transformation with photon spin Hall effect to construct a photon angular momentum filter for the first time internationally, achieving on-demand regulation of photon spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum.The related achievements...
Light has angular momentum properties. Circularly polarized or elliptically polarized beams carry spin angular momentum (SAM), while beams with helical phase wavefronts carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). During the interaction between light and particles, the transfer of angular momentum can generate optical torque, driving particles to rotate. Among them, the transfer of optical spin angular m...